Considering the 3Rs for castration and tail docking in sheep

Tail docking and castration of lambs

Freedom from pain and physical distress is widely accepted as being a critical part of animal welfare. However, in order to minimize suffering by the animal we must first devise a scale with which to assess the degree of pain that it is feeling. There have been several important developments in animal research in the last twelve months pertaining to pain evaluation in animals. The aim of each o...

Effect of Fat-Tail Docking on the Reproductive Performance in Ghezel and Mehraban Sheep

78 Ghezel and 76 Mehraban sheep were used to evaluate the effect of fat-tail docking on reproductive performance. Within two days after birth the tails of 32 Ghezel female lambs and 28 Mehraban female lambs were docked using a tight rubber ring. The lambs were allowed to reproduce for three lambing opportunities and their reproductive performances were evaluated. The effect of docking on the fe...

the search for the self in becketts theatre: waiting for godot and endgame

this thesis is based upon the works of samuel beckett. one of the greatest writers of contemporary literature. here, i have tried to focus on one of the main themes in becketts works: the search for the real "me" or the real self, which is not only a problem to be solved for beckett man but also for each of us. i have tried to show becketts techniques in approaching this unattainable goal, base...

PART IV: WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF CURRENT METHODS OF CASTRATION AND TAIL DOCKING Castration by elastration (the rubber ring method) Short scrotum castration Immunocastration Surgical castration Clamp (bloodless) castration

The Assessment of Facial Expressions in Piglets Undergoing Tail Docking and Castration: Toward the Development of the Piglet Grimace Scale

Many piglets are exposed to potentially painful husbandry procedures within the first week of life, including tail docking and castration, without the provision of either anesthesia or analgesia. The assessment methods used to evaluate pain experienced by piglets are often affected by low specificity and practical limitations, prompting the investigation of alternative methodologies. The assess...